Icyifuzo cyo gushimangira ingamba zifatika za flake grafite

Flake grafite ni amabuye y'agaciro adashobora kuvugururwa, akoreshwa cyane mu nganda zigezweho kandi ni umutungo w'ingenzi. Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi washyize ahagaragara graphene, ibicuruzwa byarangiye gutunganya grafite, nkumushinga mushya w’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, kandi washyize ahagaragara grafite nkimwe mu bwoko 14 bw '“ubuzima-n-urupfu” butagira amabuye y'agaciro. Reta zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe z '' Ubushinwa bwa grafite bugizwe na 70% byisi, kandi nicyo kibanza kinini cya grafite n’ibicuruzwa byohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Icyakora, hari ibibazo byinshi mubikorwa byo kubyaza umusaruro, nk'imyanda icukura amabuye y'agaciro, ikoreshwa rito ry'umutungo ndetse no kwangiza ibidukikije. Ubuke bwibikoresho nigiciro cyo hanze cyibidukikije ntibigaragaza agaciro nyako. Ibibazo byo kugabana bikurikira byabanditsi ba Furuite bashushanya bigaragarira cyane cyane mubice bikurikira:

Ubwa mbere, umusoro wumutungo ugomba guhinduka byihutirwa. Igipimo cy'umusoro muke: Ubushinwa muri iki gihe umusoro wumutungo wa grafite ni 3 yuan kuri toni, uroroshye cyane kandi ntugaragaza ubukene bwumutungo nigiciro cyo hanze cyibidukikije. Ugereranije nubutaka budasanzwe bufite ubuke bwamabuye y'agaciro n'akamaro, nyuma yo kuvugurura umusoro wumutungo udasanzwe wubutaka, ntabwo ibintu byimisoro byashyizwe kurutonde bitandukanye, ariko kandi umusoro uzamurwa inshuro zirenga 10. Ugereranije, igipimo cy'umusoro ku mutungo wa flake grafite ni gito. Igipimo cy'umusoro umwe: amabwiriza y'agateganyo asanzwe agenga umusoro ku mutungo afite igipimo kimwe cy'umusoro ku bucukuzi bw'amabuye ya grafite, butagabanijwe hakurikijwe igipimo cyiza n'ubwoko bwa grafite, kandi ntibishobora kwerekana imikorere y'umusoro ku mutungo mu kugenzura amafaranga atandukanye. Ntabwo ari siyansi kubara ukurikije umubare w’ibicuruzwa: ubarwa n’ubunini bwagurishijwe, ntabwo ubarwa n’amabuye nyayo y’amabuye y'agaciro yacukuwe, utitaye ku ndishyi z’ibyangijwe n’ibidukikije, iterambere ryuzuye ry’umutungo, amafaranga y’iterambere ndetse no kunanirwa kw'umutungo.

Icya kabiri, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga birihuta cyane. Ubushinwa nicyo gihugu kinini ku isi gikora ibinyabuzima bya flake kandi byahoze ari byohereza ibicuruzwa byinshi mu mahanga. Bitandukanye cyane n’Ubushinwa bukoresha cyane umutungo wa flake grafite, ibihugu byateye imbere, biza ku isonga mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ibicuruzwa bitunganijwe byimbitse, bishyira mu bikorwa ingamba zo “kugura aho gucukura amabuye y'agaciro” kuri grafite karemano no guhagarika ikoranabuhanga. Nka soko rinini rya grafite mu Bushinwa, ibyo mu Buyapani bitumiza mu mahanga bingana na 32,6% by’ibyoherezwa mu Bushinwa byose byoherezwa mu mahanga, kandi igice cy’amabuye ya grafite yatumijwe mu mahanga akarohama ku nyanja; Ku rundi ruhande, Koreya y'Epfo, yafunze ibirombe byayo bya grafite kandi itumiza ibicuruzwa byinshi ku giciro gito; Ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga buri mwaka muri Amerika bingana na 10.5% by’ibicuruzwa byose byoherezwa mu Bushinwa, kandi umutungo wa grafite ukingirwa n’amategeko.

Icya gatatu, gutunganya ni byinshi cyane. Imiterere ya grafite ifitanye isano rya hafi nubunini bwiminzani yayo. Ingano zitandukanye za flake grafite zifite uburyo butandukanye, uburyo bwo gutunganya hamwe nimirima ikoreshwa. Kugeza ubu, habuze ubushakashatsi ku ikoranabuhanga rya grafite rifite imiterere itandukanye mu Bushinwa, kandi ikwirakwizwa ry’umutungo wa grafite ufite umunzani utandukanye ntikiramenyekana, kandi nta buryo bunoze bwo gutunganya bwimbitse. Igipimo cyo kugarura inyungu za grafite ni gito, kandi umusaruro wa flake nini ya flake ni muto. Ibikoresho biranga ntibisobanutse, kandi uburyo bwo gutunganya ni bumwe. Nkigisubizo, nini nini ya flake grafite ntishobora kurindwa neza kandi grake ntoya ya flake ntishobora gukoreshwa neza mugihe cyo kuyitunganya, bikaviramo gutakaza cyane umutungo wingenzi.

Icya kane, itandukaniro ryibiciro hagati yo gutumiza no kohereza hanze biratangaje. Ibyinshi mubicuruzwa bisanzwe bya flake grafite bikorerwa mubushinwa nibicuruzwa byambere bitunganijwe, kandi ubushakashatsi niterambere hamwe numusaruro wibicuruzwa byongerewe agaciro biragaragara ko bidahari. Fata urugero rwiza rwa grafite nkurugero, ibihugu byamahanga bifata iyambere mugushushanya kwiza cyane hamwe nibyiza byikoranabuhanga, kandi bikabuza igihugu cyacu ibicuruzwa bya tekinoroji. Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa buhanitse bwa tekinoroji ya grafite ntishobora kugera ku cyera cya 99,95%, kandi ubwiza bwa 99,99% cyangwa burenga bushobora guterwa gusa n’ibitumizwa mu mahanga. Mu mwaka wa 2011, impuzandengo ya grake isanzwe ya flake mu Bushinwa yari hafi 4000 yuan / toni, mu gihe igiciro cy’ibice birenga 99,99% byatumijwe muri grafite yo mu rwego rwo hejuru cyarengeje 200.000 / toni, kandi itandukaniro ry’ibiciro ryari ritangaje.